India in Data — November 2026: Inflation, Money, Tax, Trade & Growth in 16 Charts (MoSPI, RBI, GSTN, Commerce Ministry, data.gov.in, PIB, IMF, World Bank)
India in Data — 14 November 2026. 16 official datasets, charted and explained: 12 from Indian government sources (MoSPI, RBI, GSTN, Commerce Ministry, data.gov.in, PIB) and 4 from the IMF and World Bank for the global picture. Every number below comes straight from the source API; hover a chart point for its value, or open the data table under each chart.
Key takeaways
- Headline retail inflation (CPI-Combined, All India) was 1.33% in Dec 2025, with food prices at -2.71% year-on-year.
- Factory output (IIP, base 2022-23) grew 6.7% year-on-year in Sep 2026; the 12-month average is 5.4%.
- The RBI's policy repo rate stands at 5.50%, with the overnight corridor running from the SDF at 5.25% to the MSF at 5.75%.
- India's foreign exchange reserves stood at US$719.5 billion on November 6, 2026, up US$2.5 bn in the week.
- Year-on-year growth as of Oct. 31, 2026: Bank deposits 16.9% (vs 9.8% a year earlier); Bank credit 19.5% (vs 11.3% a year earlier); Broad money (M3) 16.5% (vs 9.3% a year earlier).
- Over 02 Nov–08 Nov the RBI was on average absorbing ₹1.78 lakh crore a day through its liquidity operations (negative = absorbing surplus cash from banks).
- Gross GST collections were ₹2.04 lakh crore in Sep 2026, up 14.7% on a year earlier.
- 139.7 million e-way bills were generated in Sep 2026, +5.8% on a year earlier, covering goods worth ₹38.6 lakh crore.
- In 2025-2026 India's merchandise exports were US$441.5 bn (+0.9%) and imports US$775.7 bn (+7.6%).
- China was India's largest trading partner among those shown in 2025-2026, with US$151.1 bn of two-way goods trade.
- Across 757 mandi reports on 13/11/2026, the median wholesale (modal) price of onion was highest in Tamil Nadu (₹7,000/quintal) and lowest in Bihar (₹4,300/quintal) among the states shown.
- 97 PIB releases from 2026-09-29 to 2026-11-14 were picked up; the busiest topic was defence & security (16 releases), followed by culture, sports & festivals (9).
- The IMF expects India's real GDP to grow 7.0% in 2026, 3.9 points faster than the world economy (3.1%) and ahead of China (4.5%).
- Average consumer-price inflation in India is projected at 5.0% for 2026 (world: 4.7%) — inside the RBI's 2–6% tolerance band around its 4% target.
- India's general government debt is projected at 83.1% of GDP in 2026 (Centre + States combined).
- India's GDP per person was US$2,702 in 2025 (current dollars) — #7 of the 9 emerging and South Asian economies shown.
In this post
- India's retail inflation, month by month (MoSPI CPI)
- Index of Industrial Production: monthly growth
- RBI policy rates today
- India's forex reserves: what they are made of (November 6, 2026)
- Bank deposits, credit and money supply: year-on-year growth
- RBI liquidity operations: daily net injection (+) / absorption (−)
- GST collections, month by month: 2026-27 vs 2025-26
- E-way bills generated: a real-time gauge of goods movement
- India's merchandise trade: exports, imports and the gap between them
- India's biggest trading partners, 2025-2026
- Onion wholesale prices by state (data.gov.in / Agmarknet)
- The week on PIB: what the government announced, by topic
- Real GDP growth: India vs China, the US and the world
- Consumer-price inflation: India in global context
- Government debt as % of GDP, 2026
- GDP per capita: India and its peers (World Bank)
National data — India
India's retail inflation, month by month (MoSPI CPI)
View the data table
| Period | Headline | Food |
|---|---|---|
| Jan 2024 | 5.1 | 8.3 |
| Feb 2024 | 5.1 | 8.7 |
| Mar 2024 | 4.8 | 8.5 |
| Apr 2024 | 4.8 | 8.7 |
| May 2024 | 4.8 | 8.7 |
| Jun 2024 | 5.1 | 9.4 |
| Jul 2024 | 3.6 | 5.4 |
| Aug 2024 | 3.6 | 5.7 |
| Sep 2024 | 5.5 | 9.2 |
| Oct 2024 | 6.2 | 10.9 |
| Nov 2024 | 5.5 | 9.0 |
| Dec 2024 | 5.2 | 8.4 |
| Jan 2025 | 4.3 | 6.0 |
| Feb 2025 | 3.6 | 3.8 |
| Mar 2025 | 3.3 | 2.7 |
| Apr 2025 | 3.2 | 1.8 |
| May 2025 | 2.8 | 1.0 |
| Jun 2025 | 2.1 | -1.0 |
| Jul 2025 | 1.6 | -1.8 |
| Aug 2025 | 2.1 | -0.6 |
| Sep 2025 | 1.4 | -2.3 |
| Oct 2025 | 0.2 | -5.0 |
| Nov 2025 | 0.7 | -3.9 |
| Dec 2025 | 1.3 | -2.7 |
- Headline retail inflation (CPI-Combined, All India) was 1.33% in Dec 2025, with food prices at -2.71% year-on-year.
- Over the last 24 months headline inflation ranged from 0.25% (Oct 2025) to 6.21% (Oct 2024), while food inflation ranged far wider, from -5.02% to 10.87%.
- Dec 2025 is the latest month of the 2012-base CPI series available on the eSankhyiki API; the new 2024-base series is not yet published there.
Source:
Index of Industrial Production: monthly growth
View the data table
| Month | IIP growth (%) |
|---|---|
| Oct 2024 | 5.6 |
| Nov 2024 | 5.9 |
| Dec 2024 | 6.1 |
| Jan 2025 | 6.3 |
| Feb 2025 | 2.9 |
| Mar 2025 | 5.8 |
| Apr 2025 | 4.8 |
| May 2025 | 3.4 |
| Jun 2025 | 2.2 |
| Jul 2025 | 5.4 |
| Aug 2025 | 4.7 |
| Sep 2025 | 6.1 |
| Oct 2025 | -0.9 |
| Nov 2025 | 7.0 |
| Dec 2025 | 6.7 |
| Jan 2026 | 4.1 |
| Feb 2026 | 4.4 |
| Mar 2026 | 3.0 |
| Apr 2026 | 4.9 |
| May 2026 | 5.0 |
| Jun 2026 | 8.8 |
| Jul 2026 | 7.4 |
| Aug 2026 | 7.8 |
| Sep 2026 | 6.7 |
- Factory output (IIP, base 2022-23) grew 6.7% year-on-year in Sep 2026; the 12-month average is 5.4%.
- By sector in Sep 2026: Electricity & Gas Supply +11.2%, Manufacturing +7.6%, Water Supply, Sewerage & Waste Management +5.8%, Mining & Quarrying -6.2%.
- IIP is volatile month to month (festival timing, monsoon, base effects) — read the trend, not one bar.
Source:
RBI policy rates today
Repo
5.50%
Standing Deposit Facility
5.25%
Marginal Standing Facility
5.75%
Bank
5.75%
CRR
3.00%
SLR
18.00%
₹ per US$ (reference rate)
94.20
- The RBI's policy repo rate stands at 5.50%, with the overnight corridor running from the SDF at 5.25% to the MSF at 5.75%.
- Banks must hold 3.00% of deposits as cash with the RBI (CRR) and 18.00% in liquid assets such as government securities (SLR).
- The RBI reference rate is ₹94.20 per US dollar.
Source:
India's forex reserves: what they are made of (November 6, 2026)
View the data table
| Component | US$ bn | Week change | Since end-March | Year change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 719.5 | +2.49 | +28.44 | +32.51 |
| Foreign currency assets | 591.4 | +0.23 | +39.07 | +29.21 |
| Gold | 104.8 | +2.21 | -10.60 | +3.27 |
| SDRs | 18.6 | +0.05 | -0.01 | +0.02 |
| Reserve position in the IMF | 4.8 | +0.00 | -0.02 | +0.02 |
- India's foreign exchange reserves stood at US$719.5 billion on November 6, 2026, up US$2.5 bn in the week.
- Since end-March they are up US$28.4 bn, and over the year up US$32.5 bn.
- Foreign currency assets make up 82% of the total and gold 15%; the value of gold holdings fell by US$10.6 bn since end-March (gold is valued at market prices, so this moves with the gold price as well as with RBI purchases).
Source:
Bank deposits, credit and money supply: year-on-year growth
View the data table
| Measure | YoY growth 2025 (%) | YoY growth 2026 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Bank deposits | 9.8 | 16.9 |
| Bank credit | 11.3 | 19.5 |
| Broad money (M3) | 9.3 | 16.5 |
- Year-on-year growth as of Oct. 31, 2026: Bank deposits 16.9% (vs 9.8% a year earlier); Bank credit 19.5% (vs 11.3% a year earlier); Broad money (M3) 16.5% (vs 9.3% a year earlier).
- In rupee terms, banks added ₹40.8 lakh crore of deposits and ₹37.9 lakh crore of credit over the year — growth rates differ partly because credit starts from a smaller base.
Source:
RBI liquidity operations: daily net injection (+) / absorption (−)
View the data table
| Date | Net injection (+) / absorption (−), ₹ crore |
|---|---|
| 02 Nov 2026 | -187,840 |
| 03 Nov 2026 | -192,952 |
| 04 Nov 2026 | -178,010 |
| 05 Nov 2026 | -181,410 |
| 06 Nov 2026 | -213,730 |
| 07 Nov 2026 | -146,453 |
| 08 Nov 2026 | -147,188 |
- Over 02 Nov–08 Nov the RBI was on average absorbing ₹1.78 lakh crore a day through its liquidity operations (negative = absorbing surplus cash from banks).
- Sustained absorption means the banking system holds surplus liquidity, which tends to keep overnight rates close to the floor of the corridor (the SDF rate).
Source:
GST collections, month by month: 2026-27 vs 2025-26
View the data table
| Period | 2025-26 | 2026-27 |
|---|---|---|
| Apr | 2.23 | 2.43 |
| May | 1.88 | 1.94 |
| Jun | 1.71 | 1.95 |
| Jul | 1.83 | 2.11 |
| Aug | 1.74 | 2.00 |
| Sep | 1.77 | 2.04 |
- Gross GST collections were ₹2.04 lakh crore in Sep 2026, up 14.7% on a year earlier.
- Domestic GST grew 10.1% and GST on imports 25.9%; net of refunds, collections rose 18.1%.
- For 2026-27 so far (April–September), gross collections total ₹12.46 lakh crore, 11.6% above the same period last year.
- Basis: from April 2026 GSTN reports gross GST without compensation cess and restates the year-ago column the same way, so only like-for-like months are compared here.
Source:
- GST Network (GSTN) — GST Statistics: Gross and Net GST collections (Excel)
- GST portal — statistics downloads page
E-way bills generated: a real-time gauge of goods movement
View the data table
| Period | 2025-26 | 2026-27 |
|---|---|---|
| Apr | 117.6 | 131.6 |
| May | 120.9 | 134.3 |
| Jun | 118.1 | 134.9 |
| Jul | 130.1 | 137.9 |
| Aug | 128.1 | 136.8 |
| Sep | 132.0 | 139.7 |
- 139.7 million e-way bills were generated in Sep 2026, +5.8% on a year earlier, covering goods worth ₹38.6 lakh crore.
- Across April–September the count is +9.2% year-on-year. E-way bills are required to move goods worth over ₹50,000, so they are a timely read on how much goods are moving.
Source:
India's merchandise trade: exports, imports and the gap between them
View the data table
| Year | Exports (US$ bn) | Imports (US$ bn) | Deficit (US$ bn) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-2022 | 422.0 | 613.1 | 191.0 |
| 2022-2023 | 451.1 | 716.0 | 264.9 |
| 2023-2024 | 437.1 | 674.0 | 236.9 |
| 2024-2025 | 437.7 | 721.2 | 283.5 |
| 2025-2026 | 441.5 | 775.7 | 334.3 |
- In 2025-2026 India's merchandise exports were US$441.5 bn (+0.9%) and imports US$775.7 bn (+7.6%).
- The goods trade deficit widened to US$334.3 bn from US$283.5 bn a year earlier (US$191.0 bn in 2021-2022).
- These are goods only — India's services exports, which offset part of this gap, are not included.
Source:
India's biggest trading partners, 2025-2026
View the data table
| Partner | Exports (US$ bn) | Imports (US$ bn) | Balance (US$ bn) |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | 19.5 | 131.6 | -112.1 |
| United States | 87.3 | 53.5 | +33.9 |
| UAE | 37.4 | 63.9 | -26.5 |
| Russia | 4.5 | 55.4 | -50.9 |
| Saudi Arabia | 10.3 | 30.8 | -20.5 |
| Singapore | 11.9 | 24.2 | -12.4 |
| Netherlands | 17.5 | 5.8 | +11.7 |
- China was India's largest trading partner among those shown in 2025-2026, with US$151.1 bn of two-way goods trade.
- India runs a goods surplus with the United States and the Netherlands (largest: US$33.9 bn with the United States).
- The biggest deficit is with China (US$112.1 bn), followed by Russia (US$50.9 bn).
Source:
Onion wholesale prices by state (data.gov.in / Agmarknet)
View the data table
| State | Median modal price (₹/quintal) | Mandi reports |
|---|---|---|
| Tamil Nadu | 7,000 | 337 |
| Manipur | 6,750 | 5 |
| Keralam | 5,900 | 38 |
| Tripura | 5,600 | 6 |
| Assam | 5,350 | 7 |
| Odisha | 5,000 | 16 |
| Nagaland | 5,000 | 1 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 4,800 | 20 |
| Chattisgarh | 4,800 | 4 |
| Jammu and Kashmir | 4,800 | 5 |
| West Bengal | 4,650 | 40 |
| Bihar | 4,300 | 20 |
- Across 757 mandi reports on 13/11/2026, the median wholesale (modal) price of onion was highest in Tamil Nadu (₹7,000/quintal) and lowest in Bihar (₹4,300/quintal) among the states shown.
- That is a 1.6× gap between states on the same day; distance from producing regions, local supply and market integration (the aim of e-NAM) all feed into it.
Source:
The week on PIB: what the government announced, by topic
Headlines with figures this week
- 2026-11-13 — Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi inaugurates, dedicates to the nation, lays the foundation stone and flags off various development projects worth over ₹15,600 crore in Bengaluru, Karnataka
- 2026-11-13 — Shilp Samagam Mela 2026 at Dilli Haat Records Cumulative Sales of Over ₹ 88.36 Lakh, as of November 12, 2026; Highlighting Appreciation for Traditional Handicrafts, Indigenous Products And Growing Market Opportunities for Artisans
- 2026-11-12 — India Makes Major Strides Towards TB Elimination: 38% Decline in TB Mortality, 94% Treatment Success Rate
- 2026-11-12 — Ministry of Heavy Industries (MHI) receives 22 bids for 10 GWh Advanced Chemistry Cell manufacturing capacity under PLI ACC Scheme
- 2026-11-12 — Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan Reaches Over 35.88 Crore People; Over 14.35 Crore Youth, 11.33 Crore Women Reached Through Nationwide Awareness Campaign
- 2026-11-11 — Cabinet Approves extension of Aqua Line Metro Rail Corridor from Noida Sector-51 to Greater Noida Sector-04 of route length of 8.449 Km with 5 stations
- 2026-11-09 — Shilp Samagam Mela 2026 at Dilli Haat Records Cumulative Sales of Over ₹ 55.46 Lakh, Reflecting Strong Public Response and Growing Market Opportunities for Artisans
- 2026-11-09 — Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah inaugurates and lays foundation stones for various development works worth approximately ₹1,400 crore in Ahmedabad
- 97 PIB releases from 2026-09-29 to 2026-11-14 were picked up; the busiest topic was defence & security (16 releases), followed by culture, sports & festivals (9).
- 8 headlines carry a hard figure (₹ amounts, crore/lakh, %, capacity) — listed below with links.
- Method: releases are found through Google News' index of pib.gov.in, which returns at most 100 per search, so busy weeks are under-counted; topics are assigned from headline keywords — treat the split as approximate.
Source:
- Press Information Bureau, Government of India — press releases on pib.gov.in (found via Google News)
International data — India in the world
Real GDP growth: India vs China, the US and the world
View the data table
| Period | India | China | United States | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 2.9 | 3.5 |
| 2016 | 8.3 | 6.8 | 1.8 | 3.2 |
| 2017 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 2.5 | 3.9 |
| 2018 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 3.0 | 3.6 |
| 2019 | 3.9 | 6.1 | 2.6 | 3.0 |
| 2020 | -5.8 | 2.3 | -2.1 | -2.7 |
| 2021 | 9.7 | 8.6 | 6.3 | 6.7 |
| 2022 | 7.6 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 3.8 |
| 2023 | 7.3 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 3.3 |
| 2024 | 7.2 | 5.0 | 3.0 | 3.5 |
| 2025 | 7.8 | 5.0 | 2.3 | 3.5 |
| 2026 | 7.0 | 4.5 | 2.3 | 3.1 |
| 2027 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 2.3 | 3.4 |
| 2028 | 6.9 | 4.0 | 2.1 | 3.3 |
| 2029 | 6.9 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 3.2 |
| 2030 | 6.8 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 3.1 |
- The IMF expects India's real GDP to grow 7.0% in 2026, 3.9 points faster than the world economy (3.1%) and ahead of China (4.5%).
- The low point in the series is 2020 (-5.8%) — the pandemic contraction; the biggest year-on-year swing up was 2021 (-5.8% → 9.7%).
- For 2030 the IMF projects India at 6.8% against 3.1% for the world.
Source:
Consumer-price inflation: India in global context
View the data table
| Period | India | China | United States | World |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 4.9 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 2.7 |
| 2016 | 4.5 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 2.7 |
| 2017 | 3.6 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 3.3 |
| 2018 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 3.6 |
| 2019 | 4.8 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 3.6 |
| 2020 | 6.2 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 3.3 |
| 2021 | 5.5 | 0.9 | 4.7 | 4.7 |
| 2022 | 6.6 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 8.7 |
| 2023 | 5.4 | 0.2 | 4.1 | 6.7 |
| 2024 | 4.6 | 0.2 | 3.0 | 5.8 |
| 2025 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 4.1 |
| 2026 | 5.0 | 1.0 | 3.6 | 4.7 |
| 2027 | 4.4 | 1.4 | 2.8 | 4.1 |
| 2028 | 3.9 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 3.5 |
| 2029 | 4.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 3.3 |
| 2030 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 3.2 |
- Average consumer-price inflation in India is projected at 5.0% for 2026 (world: 4.7%) — inside the RBI's 2–6% tolerance band around its 4% target.
- India's highest reading in the window was 6.6% in 2022; global inflation peaked at 8.7% in 2022 after the energy and supply shocks.
- China averaged 0.1% over 2023–2025 — close to zero, a sign of weak domestic demand.
Source:
Government debt as % of GDP, 2026
View the data table
| Country | Debt (% of GDP) |
|---|---|
| Japan | 199.4 |
| United States | 126.8 |
| France | 118.5 |
| China | 104.4 |
| United Kingdom | 102.0 |
| Brazil | 97.0 |
| India | 83.1 |
| South Africa | 78.0 |
| Germany | 64.6 |
| Mexico | 62.1 |
| Indonesia | 41.7 |
- India's general government debt is projected at 83.1% of GDP in 2026 (Centre + States combined).
- Of the 11 economies shown, 6 carry more debt relative to GDP (Japan 199%, United States 127%) and 4 carry less (Indonesia 42%, Mexico 62%).
- Among emerging markets India's ratio is on the high side, which is why the FRBM glide path to a lower debt-to-GDP ratio is a recurring Budget theme.
Source:
GDP per capita: India and its peers (World Bank)
View the data table
| Country | Year | GDP per capita (US$) |
|---|---|---|
| China | 2025 | 13,862 |
| Brazil | 2025 | 10,713 |
| South Africa | 2025 | 6,598 |
| Viet Nam | 2025 | 5,066 |
| Indonesia | 2025 | 5,060 |
| Sri Lanka | 2025 | 5,002 |
| India | 2025 | 2,702 |
| Bangladesh | 2025 | 2,597 |
| Pakistan | 2025 | 1,596 |
- India's GDP per person was US$2,702 in 2025 (current dollars) — #7 of the 9 emerging and South Asian economies shown.
- China's figure (US$13,862) is about 5.1× India's, and Bangladesh's (US$2,597) is below India's.
- Current-dollar figures move with exchange rates; for living-standard comparisons the World Bank also publishes PPP series.
Source:
Sources & method
- MoSPI eSankhyiki (Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation) — CPI and IIP: esankhyiki.mospi.gov.in
- Reserve Bank of India — policy rates and the Bulletin Weekly Statistical Supplement: rbi.org.in
- GST Network (GSTN) — GST collections and e-way bill statistics: gst.gov.in/download/gststatistics
- Ministry of Commerce & Industry — TradeStat Export Import Data Bank (DGCI&S data): tradestat.commerce.gov.in
- Press Information Bureau — official press releases of the Government of India: pib.gov.in
- data.gov.in — Open Government Data Platform India: data.gov.in
- IMF World Economic Outlook database via the DataMapper API: imf.org/external/datamapper
- World Bank World Development Indicators: data.worldbank.org
- Data retrieved 14 November 2026. IMF figures for 2026 onward are estimates/projections and are shaded on the charts. Summaries are generated directly from the numbers; nothing is estimated by us.
UPSC relevance: GS-III (Indian economy — growth, inflation, industry, monetary policy, banking, external sector, fiscal policy, agricultural marketing). Use these figures in Mains answers with the source named.
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